TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 MOBILE ENERGY STORAGE 5
1.1 The Rechargeable Battery Market for Portable Devices 6
1.2 Market for Mobile Power 6
1.2.1 Cell Phones 7
1.2.2 Power Tools 7
1.2.3 Portable Audio/Video Devices 8
1.2.4 Auxiliary Power Packs 8
1.2.5 Laptops 9
1.2.6 Military 10
1.3 Characteristics of Mobile Storage Options 11
2 MICRO FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES 15
2.1 What is a Fuell Cell? 15
2.1.1 Key Principles of Fuel Cell Operation 15
2.2 Types of Fuel Cells 16
2.2.1 Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells 16
2.2.2 Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) 18
2.2.3 Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell (RMFC) 21
2.2.4 Formic Acid Fuel Cell (FAFC) 22
2.2.5 Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC) 23
2.2.6 Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFC) 24
2.2.7 Metal Hydride Fuel Cells (MHFC) 25
2.2.8 Zinc Air Fuel Cell (ZAFC) 26
2.2.9 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) 27
2.3 Fuel Cell Comparison 28
2.4 Comparison to Existing Battery Technology 31
2.4.1 Charge Life 31
2.4.2 Charge Time 32
2.4.3 Number of Charge Cycles 32
2.4.4 Price 32
3 MICRO FUEL CELL INDUSTRY 33
3.1 A Favored Technology 34
3.2 Market Segments 35
3.2.1 Components 36
3.2.2 Dedicated Complete Fuel Cell Companies 37
3.2.3 OEMs 38
3.2.4 Where to Find Fuel Cell Companies 38
3.3 Getting to Commercialization 39
3.3.1 Cost and Effi ciency 39
3.3.2 Logistics and Distribution 40
3.3.3 Safety and Standards 40
3.4 Technology Pathway 40
3.5 Financial Success on the Horizon? 41
4 END-USER MARKET SEGMENT ANALYSIS 43
4.0.1 Mobile Recharging Devices 43
4.0.2 Military 53
4.0.3 Laptops 56
4.0.4 Household Recharging Devices 57
4.0.5 Mobile and Smart Phones 58
4.0.6 Other Devices 59
4.1 Next Step for the Market 61
5 CONCLUSION 62
REFERENCES 63

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Global Battery Market 5
Figure 2: World Market for Portable Devices, by Units Shipped 6
Figure 3: Global Mobile Cellular Subscriptions 7
Figure 4: Auxiliary Power Pack Market: Revenue Forecasts 8
Figure 5: Notebook Shipment, by year 9
Figure 6: Benefi ts of Micro Fuel Cell for Military Applications 10
Figure 7: Characteristics of Existing Mobile Energy Storage Technologies 11
Figure 8: Energy Density of Fuel Sources, by Density and Volume 12
Figure 9: Schematic Diagram of PEMFC system 16
Figure 10: Microcells’ Tubular Platform 17
Figure 11: Bipolar Plate Construction 18
Figure 12: Schematic Diagram of Active DMFC System 19
Figure 13: Schematic Diagram of Passive DMFC system 20
Figure 14: Schematic Diagram of RMFC system 21
Figure 15: Schematic Diagram of FAFC System 22
Figure 16: Schematic Diagram of AFC system 24
Figure 17: Schematic Diagram of DBFC system 25
Figure 18: Schematic Diagram of ZAFC system 26
Figure 19: Schematic Diagram of SOFC system 27
Figure 20: Platinum Prices 2000–2009 30
Figure 21: Palladium Prices 2000–2009 30
Figure 22: Micro Fuel Cell Firms by Type 35
Figure 23: Micro Fuel Cell Companies Supply Chain Distribution 36
Figure 24: MICRO Fuel Cell Firms by Location 39
Figure 25: Market Performance of Publicly Traded FC Companies 41
Figure 26: Characteristics of Mobile Recharging Devices 44
Figure 27: Sony Portable Gadget Charger 45
Figure 28: MTI Mobion Portable Charger 46
Figure 29: Horizon MiniPak 47
Figure 30: Medis 24/7 PowerPack 48
Figure 31: Possible Confi guration for DMFC Prototype Charger 49
Figure 32: Lilliputian Portable Recharging Device 50
Figure 33: ZPAC Mobile Recharging Device 51
Figure 34: Panasonic Portable Recharging Device 52
Figure 35: Samsung Military Charging Device 53
Figure 36: Ultracell XX25 Military Charging Device 54
Figure 37: SFC Jenny on Soldier 55
Figure 38: Embedded FC for Mobile Phones 58
Figure 39: Fuel Cells for Camera and GPS Device 60