菲利普斯关于菲利普斯曲线的经典文献 部分内容如下：
The Relation Between Unemployment and the Rate
of Change of Money Wage Rates in the
United Kingdom, 1861-1957
By A. W. PHILLIPS
I. HYPOTHESIS
When the demand for a commodity or service is high relatively to
the supply ofit we expect the price to rise, the rate of rise being greater
the greater the excess demand. Conversely when the demand is low
relatively to the supply we expect the price to fall, the rate of fall being
greater the greater the deficiency of demand. It seems plausible that
this principle should operate as one of the factors determin_ing the rate
of change of money wage rates, which are the price of labour services.
When the demand for labour is high and there are very few unemployed
we should expect employers to bid wage rates up quite rapidly, each
firm and each industry being continually tempted to offer a little above
the prevailing rates to attract the m_ost suitable Iabour from other
firms and industries. On the other hand it appears that workers are
reluctant to offer their services at less than the prevailing rates when
the demand for labour is low and unemployment is tugh so that wage
rates fallonly very slowly. The relation between unemployment and the
rate of change of wage rates is therefore likely to be lughly non-linear.
It seems possible that a second factor infiuencing the rate of change
of money wage rates might be the rate of change of the demand for
labour, and so of unemployment. Thus in a year of rising business
activity, with the demand for labour increasing and the percentage
unemployment decreasing, employers will be bidding more vigorously
for the services of labour than they would be in a year during which
the average percentage unemployment was the same but the demand
for labour was not increasing. Conversely in a year of falling business
activity, with the demand for labour decreasing and the percentage
unemployment increasing, employers will be less inclined to grant wage
increases, and workers will be in a weaker position to press for them,
than they would be in a year during which the average percentage
unemployment was the same but the demand for labour was not
decreasing.
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